Method of weaving pile fabrics



' e; KOCH. METHOD OF WEAV'ING PIL'E FABRICS.

. APP L|CAT|0N FILED JULY 26,1920.

1,382,516. PatentedJu11e'21 1921.

w/mss; l/VI/E/VTOR WW George ATTORNEY.

fi STATES-PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG KOCH, DARMSTADT, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB TO DR. ERNEST GADGEN'E AND OLAVBERG, BOTH OF IPATERSON,-NEW JERSEY.

7 METHOD OF WEAVING FILE FABRICS.

Applicationfiled July as,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnone K001i, a citizen of Germany, residing at FHeinrlch-Fuhrstrasse, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany, have invented certainnew and. useful Improve:

ments in'Methods of lVeavi'ng Pile Fabrics,

' of which .the following is a specification.

nent threads may be few in number and need tight not be especiallythick.- 1

The drawing shows in the two figures longitudinal sectional views of twodifferent forms of pile fabric capable of being formed by the improvedmethod.

In Figure 1 a designates the aforesaid tight warp, b a loose warp and ca pile warp. It is not indispensable, thou h it'is preferable, that inthe finished pro not the warp a should be straight, as shown: the termsand loose are herein used simply to express that the warp a is heldunder greater tension during the weaving process than the warp b so thatthe crossing and binding of these two. by filling and with reference toeach other will exhaust more yardage of the warp 1) than the warp w andwarp b will be left sinuous, while warp a is left straight or at leastless sinuous; the straighter the warp a is in the finished'prodnot theless susceptible will the fabric be to stretch and so open up understretchingstrains. Warp c is also looser than the warp a, thatis,under'less tension, and is preferably subject to means (not shown) topositively let off or feed warp .each time a row of pile loops is to beformed, according to the hei ht of pile desired. (1 designates shots 0weft or filling. At intervals, as

1, 1, 1, the warp b is made to cross and recross the warp a, a shot offilling d being I passed between. the two warps between their points ofcrossing. These shots of filling are at the back of thefabric. Betweeneach .two intervals 1, 1 and at the other side of the fabric four (itmay be some higher even number) crossings of the warp: b and pileSpecification of Letters Patent.

1920. 1 Serial No. 399,207.

warp 0 take place and between each two such crossings a shot offilling dis passed.

In Fig.1 there are an even number of crossings of the loose warps withrespect to each other and the pile loops rise between the middle'twocrossings of the warps b and a; v y

In Fig. 2 there are an odd number of Patented June 21, 1921..

crossings of the looser warps with respect to each other, and the pileloops rise between the first and second there are bindings, however, ofthein with respect to the tight warp by weft or filling at the otherside of the tight warp, thus:

e is the tight warp, and f and g loose warps (j. e., warps under lesstension than the warp e). The warps f and g in this case both go to formpile loops, e., alternately, and may have means to positively let off orfeed warp alternately to form the rows of pile loops. h designates shotsof filling. At in-.

tervals, as 2, 2, 2, the warps f g are first one and then the other madeto cross and recross the warp e, a shot of filling it being each timepassed between the two warps (e, f or e, g) between their pointsof-crossing. Between these intervals and at the other side of the fabricthree crossings of the warps f and 9 take place, andbetween each twosuch crossings a shot of filling h is passed. T

In the formin of the pile loops a false warp a: (see my atent No.1,305,373, to wit, the filling supports'n referred to therein) isemployed. This warp or equivalent extends from the back of the loomforward and has free ends indicated 'at' y, bein extended past the fellof the fabric'mor or less forward, the fabric clearing the sameas theweaving progresses and the take-up means of the loom advances it. InFig.1, between each 'two intermediate points of crossing of the warps band c with reference to each other the warps c and w are made to crossand recross each other, the filling d being introduced over the warp m.In Fig. 2, between two of the crossing of the warps ,f and g Wltlireferpoints of ence to each other the yrarp f (or g) which rises frombelow warp e crosses and recrosses with respect to the warp w,thefilling it being introduced over warp w in each instance.

All the crossings of warps are effected by harness, and it' will bepreferable to have the harness move the warps w in the forming of thesheds in which they are 1nvolved.

pile loops 3, Fig. l, or 4,

'The shot's'offilling may be left in the Fig. 2, or if the pile loopsare cut to leave tufts they may be removed.

' without deflection; and it is possible in beat.-

In any event, the fabric produced is one I which is characterized bylittle capability to stretch longitudinally of the warp because one warpexists therein more or less, entirely ing up to pack the material formedbythe,

flooser warps and weft or filling tightly together, thus to form aclosely woven or compact fabric. That is to say, the value of the fixedor false warp mis that'it serves not merely in the forming of the pileby supporting shots of the filling but in preserving' the compactness ofthe fabric as determined by the reed in beatin up: thus, as amatter offact the farther te'warp :0

projects forward, and consequently the more extensive the grip of thefabric on this warp, the more compact will the fabric be. Having thus amedium to preserve a certain v degree of compactness attained by thereed,

I form my fabric, not as shown in my here- 'inbefore mentioned patent,so that all .the

shots of filling except those in the pile loops are in'the same planeand so that each of.

the groundfwarps becomes sinuous and so is capable of allowing thefabric to stretch,

' but with one warp tight and with the most of the shots of fillingabove this tight warp, such ti ht war making the fabric fnonstretcha 1eand t e specified arrangement of the filling, with the interweaving ofthe other or looser warps therewith, resulting in a massing of threadsabove thetight warp that increases and renders even more per- :nianentthe compactness of the fabric as 'a whole as well as brings the pileitself into holding the'latter against advance.

closer and more" compact disposition than otherwise, the resultingproduct being a fab- "ric which may be quite thin and pl able and yet isstrong, rich, and uniform in texture and in which the pile so completelycovers 'that, though the pile be uncut, the body or ground of the fabricwill not be revealed between the rows of pile loops except the fabric bebent quite sharply in the' transverse direction. j It is new in weaving,so aware, to interweave warps and filling between a tighter warp and afalse warp having free ends, and at intervalsbind'by filling one of thefirst-named warps to the tighter warp and at intervals also bind byfilling-one of the first-named warps to the false warp, -advancing thefirst-named andtlght warps in the direction in which the.

crossing through. .a tight warp, around filling at one sidev thereof andthen back through the tight warp one of two other and less tight warps,and, between eacht'wo such intervals and i at the other side'of thetight warp,- crossing said. lesstight warps three or more times withrespect to. each far as I am other andalso one of them through a falsewarp having free ends, around filling and back through said false warp,all-while simultaneously advancing the tight and lesstight warpsrelatively tothe false'warp in r the direction in which the free ends ofthe latter project.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

on ons KOCH.

